![]() ![]() One or more cranial nerves may be affected. For example, in a patient with a cranial nerve (CN) III palsy with a dilated pupil, one of the main diagnostic considerations is possible aneurysm of the posterior communicating artery (PComm). ![]() The patient should demonstrate symmetrical. A reverse RAPD should be evaluated in every patient with an efferent pupillary defect. Instruct the patient to focus on the object and then slowly move the object closer to the patient at a steady rate, stopping 1 to 2 inches away from the patients nose. Cranial nerve disorders can also involve dysfunction of smell, vision, chewing, facial sensation or expression, taste, hearing, balance, swallowing, phonation, head turning and shoulder elevation, or tongue movements (see Table: Cranial Nerves). Facing the patient, hold an object such as a pencil about 24 to 36 inches away from the patient. Look for inability to sense specific stimuli and different thresholds. Trigeminal: test bilateral face for sensation. Neuro-ophthalmologic disorders may also involve dysfunction of the central pathways that control and integrate ocular movement and vision. Elevate lid(s) and check for pupil constriction (may use small flashlight). Neuro-ophthalmologic and Cranial Nerve Disorders - overviewÄysfunction of certain cranial nerves may affect the eye, pupil, optic nerve, or extraocular muscles and their nerves thus, they can be considered cranial nerve disorders, neuro-ophthalmologic disorders, or both. The pupillary light reflex (PLR) is the constriction of the pupil that is elicited by an increase in illumination of the retina.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |